In this tutorial, we discuss how to use cohesive linking words correctly in IELTS Writing Task 2.
We look at:
- Cohesive linking devices to improve essay flow and coherence in Task 2.
- How to use linking words in essays to refer to previous ideas and introduce new information.
- How to improve your argument using linking words
- Example paragraphs showing the effectiveness of linking words.
Creating an effective essay for IELTS Writing Task 2 heavily relies on cohesive linking devices. These devices help in connecting ideas and ensuring the smooth flow of your essay. Here are 10 cohesive linking devices, each with an example sentence and an explanation of their appropriate use:
- Furthermore
- Use: To add information that agrees with or expands upon the previous point.
- Example: “Public transportation reduces traffic congestion. Furthermore, it is environmentally friendly, decreasing the overall carbon footprint of commuting.”
- However
- Use: To introduce a contrasting idea or an exception.
- Example: “Technology has simplified many aspects of life. However, it has also led to increased sedentary lifestyles among youths.”
- Consequently
- Use: To show the result or effect of a situation.
- Example: “Global warming is escalating at an alarming rate. Consequently, we are witnessing more extreme weather patterns worldwide.”
- Therefore
- Use: Similar to ‘consequently’, but often used to conclude.
- Example: “Renewable energy sources are becoming more cost-effective and efficient. Therefore, they should be the primary focus in future energy policies.”
- Moreover
- Use: To add extra information that supports your argument or point.
- Example: “Urban green spaces provide a habitat for wildlife. Moreover, they offer residents a place for recreation and relaxation.”
- Despite this
- Use: To introduce a contrasting idea while acknowledging the previous point.
- Example: “Many countries have made significant advancements in equality. Despite this, gender discrimination is still prevalent in numerous sectors.”
- On the other hand
- Use: To introduce a contrasting viewpoint or idea.
- Example: “Some argue that technology has isolated people socially. On the other hand, it has connected people globally like never before.”
- In addition
- Use: Similar to ‘furthermore’, used to add information.
- Example: “Regular exercise improves physical health. In addition, it has been shown to have positive effects on mental health.”
- As a result
- Use: To show a direct consequence or outcome.
- Example: “Many species have lost their natural habitats due to deforestation. As a result, biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate.”
- Similarly
- Use: To make a comparison or show similarity between two points.
- Example: “Reducing waste is essential for environmental conservation. Similarly, efficient water usage is crucial for sustainable living.”
By incorporating these cohesive linking devices into your IELTS Writing Task 2 essays, you can improve the flow and clarity of your arguments, contributing to a higher score. Remember, the key to using these devices effectively is to ensure they logically connect your ideas and support the overall coherence of your essay.
Demonstratives, like “this,” “that,” “these,” and “those,” are powerful tools for enhancing cohesion in IELTS Writing Task 2 essays. They help in referring back to previously mentioned ideas or in introducing new information, thus maintaining a smooth flow and clear connection between different parts of your essay.
Referring to Previous Ideas
Using demonstratives to refer back to previously mentioned points can help to remind the reader of what has already been discussed, reinforcing your arguments or descriptions.
Example Paragraph:
“In recent years, the rise in urban pollution has become a major concern. This issue not only affects environmental health but also poses significant risks to public health. In cities like Beijing and Delhi, for example, the air quality has deteriorated to such an extent that it has become a daily hazard for residents. This situation has led to increased respiratory problems among the population.”
Here, “This issue” and “This situation” refer back to the urban pollution problem mentioned in the first sentence, maintaining a clear and cohesive flow.
Introducing New Information
Demonstratives can also be used to introduce new information or ideas that are related to the previous text, but not directly mentioned. This approach can be particularly effective in presenting examples or elaborating on a point.
Example Paragraph:
“Online education has revolutionized the way we learn. However, it is not without its challenges. One significant concern is the lack of face-to-face interaction between students and teachers. This limitation can hinder the development of communication skills and reduce the effectiveness of feedback.”
In this example, “This limitation” introduces a new aspect of the previously mentioned challenge of online education, adding depth to the discussion.
Connecting Paragraphs
Demonstratives can connect paragraphs, seamlessly leading the reader from one idea to the next.
Example Paragraph Transition:
“Firstly, the economic benefits of space exploration are substantial. These include the creation of new jobs and the development of innovative technologies. Secondly, space exploration has led to significant scientific discoveries. These discoveries have not only increased our understanding of the universe but also resulted in practical applications on Earth.”
Here, “These include” and “These discoveries” link the two paragraphs, each starting with a cohesive reference to the main ideas of the preceding paragraph.
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